HTML

HTML, or Hypertext Markup Language, is the standard markup language used for creating web pages, defining the structure and layout of content on the internet. It consists of a series of elements, represented by tags, which instruct web browsers on how to display text, images, and other multimedia. HTML is not a programming language but is essential for web development, allowing developers to design how web page elements are displayed. The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) maintains and updates HTML specifications, ensuring compatibility across different browsers. HTML documents are saved with a .html or .htm file extension and are read by web browsers to render the content as intended by the author.

HTML tags are fundamental components of web pages, used to define the structure and content of HTML elements. They are keywords enclosed in angle brackets (< and >) that instruct web browsers on how to format and display web pages.

Structure of HTML Tags

Most HTML tags consist of two parts:

Opening Tag: This begins the element, e.g., <html>.
Closing Tag: This ends the element, e.g., </html>. The closing tag is the same as the opening tag but with a forward-slash (/) added before the tag name.

However, some HTML tags are self-closing and do not require a separate closing tag, such as the <br/> tag for line breaks.

Common HTML Tags

Here are some essential HTML tags and their uses:

Tag	Description
`<html>`	Defines the root of an HTML document.
`<head>`	Contains meta-information about the document, like the title and scripts.
`<title>`	Specifies the title of the HTML document, shown in the browser's title bar.
`<body>`	Contains the content of the HTML document.
`<h1>`, `<h2>`, `<h3>`, `<h4>`, `<h5>`, `<h6>`	Defines headings of different sizes, with `<h1>` being the largest and `<h6>` the smallest.
`<p>`	Defines a paragraph of text.
`<br/>`	Creates a line break.
`<hr>`	Inserts a horizontal line.

Purpose of HTML Tags

HTML tags serve several purposes:

Define Structure: They organize content into logical sections like headings, paragraphs, and links.
Provide Meaning: Tags convey semantic meaning to web browsers and search engines, helping them understand the content's purpose.
Control Appearance: Tags can influence how content is displayed, though this is often enhanced with CSS (Cascading Style Sheets).

HTML Attributes

In addition to tags, HTML attributes provide additional information or properties to elements. They are attached to the opening tag and modify the behavior, appearance, or properties of elements. Common attributes include href, src, alt, style, and class

The <head> tag in HTML is a container for metadata about the document, such as the title, character encoding, links to stylesheets or scripts, and other meta information. Here are some examples of how the <head> tag can be used: